Selasa, 29 April 2014

Titin, Nama Senyawa Sekaligus Kata Terpanjang

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Apa kata terpanjang di dunia ?  Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia ? tidak, itu masih kurang panjang. pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis ? itu memang kata terpanjang yang ada di kamus bahasa inggris yang terdiri dair 45 huruf.

Tapi ada yang lebih panjang daripada itu. Ini adalah nama sebuah senyawa yang terdiri dari 189.819 huruf. XD kata terpanjang di dunia ini diawali dengan 'Methio' dan berakhir dengan 'leucine'. Kata ini sebenarnya merupakan nama kimia sebutan bagi jenis protein raksasa yang dalam bahasa awam disebut Titin.

Ada alasan tersendiri mengapa nama protein bisa sangat panjang seperti kata ini. Penamaan protein selama ini dilakukan dengan memadukan nama kimia zat-zat yang membentuk protein tersebut. Mengingat Titin merupakan jenis protein terbesar yang pernah ditemukan, maka nama kimianya tentu tidak singkat. Kata Titin ini terdiri dari 244 unsur terpisah dengan bilangan exon terbesar, yaitu 363.
Ada seorang pria asal Rusia bernama Dmitir Golubovskiy yang nekat membaca nama asli senyawa ini dari awal sampe akhir... dan dia berhasil menyelesaikannya dalam waktu 3 jam 33 menit 23 detik.

Ini dia namanya :
Methionylalanylthreonylserylarginylglycylalanylserylarginylcysteinylproly-
larginylaspartylisoleucylalanylasparaginylvalylmethionylglutaminylarginyl-
leucylglutaminylaspartylglutamylglutaminylglutamylisoleucylvalylglutaminy-
llysylarginylthreonylphenylalanylthreonyllysyltryptophylisoleucylasparagi-
nylserylhistidylleucylalanyllysylarginyllysylprolylprolylmethionylvalylva-
lylaspartylaspartylleucylphenylalanylglutamylaspartylmethionyllysylaspart-
ylglycylvalyllysylleucylleucylalanylleucylleucylglutamylvalylleucylserylg-
lycylglutaminyllysylleucylprolylcysteinylglutamylglutaminylglycylarginyla-
rginylmethionyllysylarginylisoleucylhistidylalanylvalylalanylasparaginyli-
soleucylglycylthreonylalanylleucyllysylphenylalanylleucylglutamylglycylar-
ginyllysylisoleucyllysylleucylvalylasparaginylisoleucylasparaginylserylth-
reonylaspartylisoleucylalanylaspartylglycylarginylprolylserylisoleucylval-
ylleucylglycylleucylmethionyltryptophylthreonylisoleucylisoleucylleucylty-
rosylphenylalanylglutaminylisoleucylglutamylglutamylleucylthreonylserylas-
paraginylleucylprolylglutaminylleucylglutaminylserylleucylserylserylseryl-
alanylserylserylvalylaspartylserylisoleucylvalylserylserylglutamylthreony-
lprolylserylprolylprolylseryllysylarginyllysylvalylthreonylthreonyllysyli-
soleucylglutaminylglycylasparaginylalanyllysyllysylalanylleucylleucyllysy-
ltryptophylvalylglutaminyltyrosylthreonylalanylglycyllysylglutaminylthreo-
nylglycylisoleucylglutamylvalyllysylaspartylphenylalanylglycyllysylserylt-
ryptophylarginylserylglycylvalylalanylphenylalanylhistidylserylvalylisole-
ucylhistidylalanylisoleucylarginylprolylglutamylleucylvalylaspartylleucyl-
glutamylthreonylvalyllysylglycylarginylserylasparaginylarginylglutamylasp-
araginylleucylglutamylaspartylalanylphenylalanylthreonylisoleucylalanylgl-
utamylthreonylglutamylleucylglycylisoleucylprolylarginylleucylleucylaspar-
tylprolylglutamylaspartylvalylaspartylvalylaspartyllysylprolylaspartylglu-
tamyllysylserylisoleucylmethionylthreonyltyrosylvalylalanylglutaminylphen-
ylalanylleucyllysylhistidyltyrosylprolylaspartylisoleucylhistidylasparagi-
nylalanylserylthreonylaspartylglycylglutaminylglutamylaspartylaspartylglu-
tamylisoleucylleucylprolylglycylphenylalanylprolylserylphenylalanylalanyl-
asparaginylserylvalylglutaminylasparaginylphenylalanyllysylarginylglutamy-
laspartylarginylvalylisoleucylphenylalanyllysylglutamylmethionyllysylvaly-
ltryptophylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylphenylalanylglutamylarginylaspartyl-
leucylthreonylarginylalanylglutaminylmethionylvalylglutamylserylasparagin-
ylleucylglutaminylaspartyllysyltyrosylglutaminylserylphenylalanyllysylhis-
tidylphenylalanylarginylvalylglutaminyltyrosylglutamylmethionyllysylargin-
yllysylglutaminylisoleucylglutamylhistidylleucylisoleucylglutaminylprolyl-
leucylhistidylarginylaspartylglycyllysylleucylserylleucylaspartylglutamin-
ylalanylleucylvalyllysylglutaminylseryltryptophylaspartylarginylvalylthre-
onylserylarginylleucylphenylalanylaspartyltryptophylhistidylisoleucylglut-
aminylleucylaspartyllysylserylleucylprolylalanylprolylleucylglycylthreony-
lisoleucylglycylalanyltryptophylleucyltyrosylarginylalanylglutamylvalylal-
anylleucylarginylglutamylglutamylisoleucylthreonylvalylglutaminylglutamin-
ylvalylhistidylglutamylglutamylthreonylalanylasparaginylthreonylisoleucyl-
glutaminylarginyllysylleucylglutamylglutaminylhistidyllysylaspartylleucyl-
leucylglutaminylasparaginylthreonylaspartylalanylhistidyllysylarginylalan-
ylphenylalanylhistidylglutamylisoleucyltyrosylarginylthreonylarginylseryl-
valylasparaginylglycylisoleucylprolylvalylprolylprolylaspartylglutaminyll-
eucylglutamylaspartylmethionylalanylglutamylarginylphenylalanylhistidylph-
enylalanylvalylserylserylthreonylserylglutamylleucylhistidylleucylmethion-
yllysylmethionylglutamylphenylalanylleucylglutamylleucyllysyltyrosylargin-
ylleucylleucylserylleucylleucylvalylleucylalanylglutamylseryllysylleucyll-
ysylseryltryptophylisoleucylisoleucyllysyltyrosylglycylarginylarginylglut-
amylserylvalylglutamylglutaminylleucylleucylglutaminylasparaginyltyrosylv-
alylserylphenylalanylisoleucylglutamylasparaginylseryllysylphenylalanylph-
enylalanylglutamylglutaminyltyrosylglutamylvalylthreonyltyrosylglutaminyl-
isoleucylleucyllysylglutaminylthreonylalanylglutamylmethionyltyrosylvalyl-
lysylalanylaspartylglycylserylvalylglutamylglutamylalanylglutamylasparagi-
nylvalylmethionyllysylphenylalanylmethionylasparaginylglutamylthreonylthr-
eonylalanylglutaminyltryptophylarginylasparaginylleucylserylvalylglutamyl-
valylarginylserylvalylarginylserylmethionylleucylglutamylglutamylvalyliso-
leucylserylasparaginyltryptophylaspartylarginyltyrosylglycylasparaginylth-
reonylvalylalanylserylleucylglutaminylalanyltryptophylleucylglutamylaspar-
tylalanylglutamyllysylmethionylleucylasparaginylglutaminylserylglutamylas-
paraginylalanyllysyllysylaspartylphenylalanylphenylalanylarginylasparagin-
ylleucylprolylhistidyltryptophylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylhistidylthre-
onylalanylmethionylasparaginylaspartylalanylglycylasparaginylphenylalanyl-
leucylisoleucylglutamylthreonylcysteinylaspartylglutamylmethionylvalylser-
ylarginylaspartylleucyllysylglutaminylglutaminylleucylleucylleucylleucyla-
sparaginylglycylarginyltryptophylarginylglutamylleucylphenylalanylmethion-
ylglutamylvalyllysylglutaminyltyrosylalanylglutaminylalanylaspartylglutam-
ylmethionylaspartylarginylmethionyllysyllysylglutamyltyrosylthreonylaspar-
tylcysteinylvalylvalylthreonylleucylserylalanylphenylalanylalanylthreonyl-
glutamylalanylhistidyllysyllysylleucylserylglutamylprolylleucylglutamylva-
lylserylphenylalanylmethionylasparaginylvalyllysylleucylleucylisoleucylgl-
utaminylaspartylleucylglutamylaspartylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylarginylv-
alylprolylvalylmethionylaspartylalanylglutaminyltyrosyllysylisoleucylisol-
eucylthreonyllysylthreonylalanylhistidylleucylisoleucylthreonyllysylgluta-
mylserylprolylglutaminylglutamylglutamylglycyllysylglutamylmethionylpheny-
lalanylalanylthreonylmethionylseryllysylleucyllysylglutamylglutaminylleuc-
ylthreonyllysylvalyllysylglutamylcysteinyltyrosylserylprolylleucylleucylt-
yrosylglutamylserylglutaminylglutaminylleucylleucylisoleucylprolylleucylg-
lutamylglutamylleucylglutamyllysylglutaminylmethionylthreonylserylphenyla-
lanyltyrosylaspartylserylleucylglycyllysylisoleucylasparaginylglutamyliso-
leucylisoleucylthreonylvalylleucylglutamylarginylglutamylalanylglutaminyl-
serylserylalanylleucylphenylalanyllysylglutaminyllysylhistidylglutaminylg-
lutamylleucylleucylalanylcysteinylglutaminylglutamylasparaginylcysteinyll-
ysyllysylthreonylleucylthreonylleucylisoleucylglutamyllysylglycylserylglu-
taminylserylvalylglutaminyllysylphenylalanylvalylthreonylleucylserylaspar-
aginylvalylleucyllysylhistidylphenylalanylaspartylglutaminylthreonylargin-
ylleucylglutaminylarginylglutaminylisoleucylalanylaspartylisoleucylhistid-
ylvalylalanylphenylalanylglutaminylserylmethionylvalyllysyllysylthreonylg-
lycylaspartyltryptophyllysyllysylhistidylvalylglutamylthreonylasparaginyl-
serylarginylleucylmethionyllysyllysylphenylalanylglutamylglutamylserylarg-
inylalanylglutamylleucylglutamyllysylvalylleucylarginylisoleucylalanylglu-
taminylglutamylglycylleucylglutamylglutamyllysylglycylaspartylprolylgluta-
mylglutamylleucylleucylarginylarginylhistidylthreonylglutamylphenylalanyl-
phenylalanylserylglutaminylleucylaspartylglutaminylarginylvalylleucylaspa-
raginylalanylphenylalanylleucyllysylalanylcysteinylaspartylglutamylleucyl-
threonylaspartylisoleucylleucylprolylglutamylglutaminylglutamylglutaminyl-
glutaminylglycylleucylglutaminylglutamylalanylvalylarginyllysylleucylhist-
idyllysylglutaminyltryptophyllysylaspartylleucylglutaminylglycylglutamyla-
lanylprolyltyrosylhistidylleucylleucylhistidylleucyllysylisoleucylasparty-
lvalylglutamyllysylasparaginylarginylphenylalanylleucylalanylserylvalylgl-
utamylglutamylcysteinylarginylthreonylglutamylleucylaspartylarginylglutam-
ylthreonyllysylleucylmethionylprolylglutaminylglutamylglycylserylglutamyl-
lysylisoleucylisoleucyllysylglutamylhistidylarginylvalylphenylalanylpheny-
lalanylserylaspartyllysylglycylprolylhistidylhistidylleucylcysteinylgluta-
myllysylarginylleucylglutaminylleucylisoleucylglutamylglutamylleucylcyste-
inylvalyllysylleucylprolylvalylarginylaspartylprolylvalylarginylaspartylt-
hreonylprolylglycylthreonylcysteinylhistidylvalylthreonylleucyllysylgluta-
mylleucylarginylalanylalanylisoleucylaspartylserylthreonyltyrosylarginyll-
ysylleucylmethionylglutamylaspartylprolylaspartyllysyltryptophyllysylaspa-
rtyltyrosylthreonylserylarginylphenylalanylserylglutamylphenylalanylseryl-
seryltryptophylisoleucylserylthreonylasparaginylglutamylthreonylglutaminy-
lleucyllysylglycylisoleucyllysylglycylglutamylalanylisoleucylaspartylthre-
onylalanylasparaginylhistidylglycylglutamylvalyllysylarginylalanylvalylgl-
utamylglutamylisoleucylarginylasparaginylglycylvalylthreonyllysylarginylg-
lycylglutamylthreonylleucylseryltryptophylleucyllysylserylarginylleucylly-
sylvalylleucylthreonylglutamylvalylserylserylglutamylasparaginylglutamyla-
lanylglutaminyllysylglutaminylglycylaspartylglutamylleucylalanyllysylleuc-
ylserylserylserylphenylalanyllysylalanylleucylvalylthreonylleucylleucylse-
rylglutamylvalylglutamyllysylmethionylleucylserylasparaginylphenylalanylg-
lycylaspartylcysteinylvalylglutaminyltyrosyllysylglutamylisoleucylvalylly-
sylasparaginylserylleucylglutamylglutamylleucylisoleucylserylglycylseryll-
ysylglutamylvalylglutaminylglutamylglutaminylalanylglutamyllysylisoleucyl-
leucylaspartylthreonylglutamylasparaginylleucylphenylalanylglutamylalanyl-
glutaminylglutaminylleucylleucylleucylhistidylhistidylglutaminylglutaminy-
llysylthreonyllysylarginylisoleucylserylalanyllysyllysylarginylaspartylva-
lylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminylisoleucylalanylglutaminylalanylglutaminy-
lglutaminylglycylglutamylglycylglycylleucylprolylaspartylarginylglycylhis-
tidylglutamylglutamylleucylarginyllysylleucylglutamylserylthreonylleucyla-
spartylglycylleucylglutamylarginylserylarginylglutamylarginylglutaminylgl-
utamylarginylarginylisoleucylglutaminylvalylthreonylleucylarginyllysyltry-
ptophylglutamylarginylphenylalanylglutamylthreonylasparaginyllysylglutamy-
lthreonylvalylvalylarginyltyrosylleucylphenylalanylglutaminylthreonylglyc-
ylserylserylhistidylglutamylarginylphenylalanylleucylserylphenylalanylser-
ylserylleucylglutamylserylleucylserylserylglutamylleucylglutamylglutaminy-
lthreonyllysylglutamylphenylalanylseryllysylarginylthreonylglutamylseryli-
soleucylalanylvalylglutaminylalanylglutamylasparaginylleucylvalyllysylglu-
tamylalanylserylglutamylisoleucylprolylleucylglycylprolylglutaminylaspara-
ginyllysylglutaminylleucylleucylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminylalanyllysyl-
serylisoleucyllysylglutamylglutaminylvalyllysyllysylleucylglutamylasparty-
lthreonylleucylglutamylglutamylaspartylisoleucyllysylthreonylmethionylglu-
tamylmethionylvalyllysylthreonyllysyltryptophylaspartylhistidylphenylalan-
ylglycylserylasparaginylphenylalanylglutamylthreonylleucylserylvalyltrypt-
ophylisoleucylthreonylglutamyllysylglutamyllysylglutamylleucylasparaginyl-
alanylleucylglutamylthreonylserylserylserylalanylmethionylaspartylmethion-
ylglutaminylisoleucylserylglutaminylisoleucyllysylvalylthreonylisoleucylg-
lutaminylglutamylisoleucylglutamylseryllysylleucylserylserylisoleucylvaly-
lglycylleucylglutamylglutamylglutamylalanylglutaminylserylphenylalanylala-
nylglutaminylphenylalanylvalylthreonylthreonylglycylglutamylserylalanylar-
ginylisoleucyllysylalanyllysylleucylthreonylglutaminylisoleucylarginylarg-
inyltyrosylglycylglutamylglutamylleucylarginylglutamylhistidylalanylgluta-
minylcysteinylleucylglutamylglycylthreonylisoleucylleucylglycylhistidylle-
ucylserylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminyllysylphenylalanylglutamylglutamyla-
sparaginylleucylarginyllysylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylserylvalylserylg-
lutamylphenylalanylglutamylaspartyllysylleucylalanylvalylprolylisoleucyll-
ysylisoleucylcysteinylserylserylalanylthreonylglutamylthreonyltyrosyllysy-
lvalylleucylglutaminylglutamylhistidylmethionylaspartylleucylcysteinylglu-
taminylalanylleucylglutamylserylleucylserylserylalanylisoleucylthreonylal-
anylphenylalanylserylalanylserylalanylarginyllysylvalylvalylasparaginylar-
ginylaspartylserylcysteinylvalylglutaminylglutamylalanylalanylalanylleucy-
lglutaminylglutaminylglutaminyltyrosylglutamylaspartylisoleucylleucylargi-
nylarginylalanyllysylglutamylarginylglutaminylthreonylalanylleucylglutamy-
lasparaginylleucylleucylalanylhistidyltryptophylglutaminylarginylleucylgl-
utamyllysylglutamylleucylserylserylphenylalanylleucylthreonyltryptophylle-
ucylglutamylarginylglycylglutamylalanyllysylalanylserylserylprolylglutamy-
lmethionylaspartylisoleucylserylalanylaspartylarginylvalyllysylvalylgluta-
mylglycylglutamylleucylglutaminylleucylisoleucylglutaminylalanylleucylglu-
taminylasparaginylglutamylvalylvalylserylglutaminylalanylserylphenylalany-
ltyrosylseryllysylleucylleucylglutaminylleucyllysylglutamylserylleucylphe-
nylalanylserylvalylalanylseryllysylaspartylaspartylvalyllysylmethionylmet-
hionyllysylleucylhistidylleucylglutamylglutaminylleucylaspartylglutamylar-
ginyltryptophylarginylaspartylleucylprolylglutaminylisoleucylisoleucylasp-
araginyllysylarginylisoleucylasparaginylphenylalanylleucylglutaminylseryl-
valylvalylalanylglutamylhistidylglutaminylglutaminylphenylalanylaspartylg-
lutamylleucylleucylleucylserylphenylalanylserylvalyltryptophylisoleucylly-
sylleucylphenylalanylleucylserylglutamylleucylglutaminylthreonylthreonyls-
erylglutamylisoleucylserylisoleucylmethionylaspartylhistidylglutaminylval-
ylalanylleucylthreonylarginylhistidyllysylaspartylhistidylalanylalanylglu-
tamylvalylglutamylseryllysyllysylglycylglutamylleucylglutaminylserylleucy-
lglutaminylglycylhistidylleucylalanyllysylleucylglycylserylleucylglycylar-
ginylalanylglutamylaspartylleucylhistidylleucylleucylglutaminylglycyllysy-
lalanylglutamylaspartylcysteinylphenylalanylglutaminylleucylphenylalanylg-
lutamylglutamylalanylserylglutaminylvalylvalylglutamylarginylarginylgluta-
minylleucylalanylleucylserylhistidylleucylalanylglutamylphenylalanylleucy-
lglutaminylserylhistidylalanylserylleucylserylglycylisoleucylleucylarginy-
lglutaminylleucylarginylglutaminylthreonylvalylglutamylalanylthreonylaspa-
raginylserylmethionylasparaginyllysylasparaginylglutamylserylaspartylleuc-
ylisoleucylglutamyllysylaspartylleucylasparaginylaspartylalanylleucylglut-
aminylasparaginylalanyllysylalanylleucylglutamylserylalanylalanylvalylser-
ylleucylaspartylglycylisoleucylleucylseryllysylalanylglutaminyltyrosylhis-
tidylleucyllysylisoleucylglycylserylserylglutamylglutaminylarginylthreony-
lserylcysteinylarginylalanylthreonylalanylaspartylglutaminylleucylcystein-
ylglycylglutamylvalylglutamylarginylisoleucylglutaminylasparaginylleucyll-
eucylglycylthreonyllysylglutaminylserylglutamylalanylaspartylalanylleucyl-
alanylvalylleucyllysyllysylalanylphenylalanylglutaminylaspartylglutaminyl-
lysylglutamylglutamylleucylleucyllysylserylisoleucylglutamylaspartylisole-
ucylglutamylglutamylarginylthreonylaspartyllysylglutamylarginylleucyllysy-
lglutamylprolylthreonylarginylglutaminylalanylleucylglutaminylglutaminyla-
rginylleucylarginylvalylphenylalanylasparaginylglutaminylleucylglutamylas-
partylglutamylleucylasparaginylserylhistidylglutamylhistidylglutamylleucy-
lcysteinyltryptophylleucyllysylaspartyllysylalanyllysylglutaminylisoleucy-
lalanylglutaminyllysylaspartylvalylalanylphenylalanylalanylprolylglutamyl-
valylaspartylarginylglutamylisoleucylasparaginylarginylleucylglutamylvaly-
lthreonyltryptophylaspartylaspartylthreonyllysylarginylleucylisoleucylhis-
tidylglutamylasparaginylglutaminylglycylglutaminylcysteinylcysteinylglycy-
lleucylisoleucylaspartylleucylmethionylarginylglutamyltyrosylglutaminylas-
paraginylleucyllysylserylalanylvalylseryllysylvalylleucylglutamylasparagi-
nylalanylserylserylvalylisoleucylvalylthreonylarginylthreonylthreonylisol-
eucyllysylaspartylglutaminylglutamylaspartylleucyllysyltryptophylalanylph-
enylalanylseryllysylhistidylglutamylthreonylalanyllysylasparaginyllysylme-
thionylasparaginyltyrosyllysylglutaminyllysylaspartylleucylaspartylaspara-
ginylphenylalanylthreonylseryllysylglycyllysylhistidylleucylleucylserylgl-
utamylleucyllysyllysylisoleucylhistidylserylserylaspartylphenylalanylsery-
lleucylvalyllysylthreonylaspartylmethionylglutamylserylthreonylvalylaspar-
tyllysyltryptophylleucylaspartylvalylserylglutamyllysylleucylglutamylglut-
amylasparaginylmethionylaspartylarginylleucylarginylvalylserylleucylseryl-
isoleucyltryptophylaspartylaspartylvalylleucylserylthreonylarginylasparty-
lglutamylisoleucylglutamylglycyltryptophylserylasparaginylasparaginylcyst-
einylvalylprolylglutaminylmethionylalanylglutamylasparaginylisoleucylsery-
lasparaginylleucylaspartylasparaginylhistidylleucylarginylalanylglutamylg-
lutamylleucylleucyllysylglutamylphenylalanylglutamylserylglutamylvalyllys-
ylasparaginyllysylalanylleucylarginylleucylglutamylglutamylleucylhistidyl-
seryllysylvalylasparaginylaspartylleucyllysylglutamylleucylthreonyllysyla-
sparaginylleucylglutamylthreonylprolylprolylaspartylleucylglutaminylpheny-
lalanylisoleucylglutamylalanylaspartylleucylmethionylglutaminyllysylleucy-
lglutamylhistidylalanyllysylglutamylisoleucylthreonylglutamylvalylalanyll-
ysylglycylthreonylleucyllysylaspartylphenylalanylthreonylalanylglutaminyl-
serylthreonylglutaminylvalylglutamyllysylphenylalanylisoleucylasparaginyl-
aspartylisoleucylthreonylthreonyltryptophylphenylalanylthreonyllysylvalyl-
glutamylglutamylserylleucylmethionylasparaginylcysteinylalanylglutaminyla-
sparaginylglutamylthreonylcysteinylglutamylalanylleucyllysyllysylvalyllys-
ylaspartylisoleucylglutaminyllysylglutamylleucylglutaminylserylglutaminyl-
glutaminylserylasparaginylisoleucylserylserylthreonylglutaminylglutamylas-
paraginylleucylasparaginylserylleucylcysteinylarginyllysyltyrosylhistidyl-
serylalanylglutamylleucylglutamylserylleucylglycylarginylalanylmethionylt-
hreonylglycylleucylisoleucyllysyllysylhistidylglutamylalanylvalylserylglu-
taminylleucylcysteinylseryllysylthreonylglutaminylalanylserylleucylglutam-
inylglutamylserylleucylglutamyllysylhistidylphenylalanylserylglutamylsery-
lmethionylglutaminylglutamylphenylalanylglutaminylglutamyltryptophylpheny-
lalanylleucylglycylalanyllysylalanylalanylalanyllysylglutamylserylserylas-
partylarginylthreonylglycylaspartylseryllysylvalylleucylglutamylalanyllys-
ylleucylhistidylaspartylleucylglutaminylasparaginylisoleucylleucylasparty-
lserylvalylserylaspartylglycylglutaminylseryllysylleucylaspartylalanylval-
ylthreonylglutaminylglutamylglycylglutaminylthreonylleucyltyrosylalanylhi-
stidylleucylseryllysylglutaminylisoleucylvalylserylserylisoleucylglutamin-
ylglutamylglutaminylisoleucylthreonyllysylalanylasparaginylglutamylglutam-
ylphenylalanylglutaminylalanylphenylalanylleucyllysylglutaminylcysteinyll-
eucyllysylaspartyllysylglutaminylalanylleucylglutaminylaspartylcysteinyla-
lanylserylglutamylleucylglycylserylphenylalanylglutamylaspartylglutaminyl-
histidylarginyllysylleucylasparaginylleucyltryptophylisoleucylhistidylglu-
tamylmethionylglutamylglutamylarginylphenylalanylasparaginylthreonylgluta-
mylasparaginylleucylglycylglutamylseryllysylglutaminylhistidylisoleucylpr-
olylglutamyllysyllysylasparaginylglutamylvalylhistidyllysylvalylglutamylm-
ethionylphenylalanylleucylglycylglutamylleucylleucylalanylalanylarginylgl-
utamylserylleucylaspartyllysylleucylserylglutaminylarginylglycylglutaminy-
lleucylleucylserylglutamylglutamylglycylhistidylglycylalanylglycylglutami-
nylglutamylglycylarginylleucylcysteinylserylglutaminylleucylleucylthreony-
lserylhistidylglutaminylasparaginylleucylleucylarginylmethionylthreonylly-
sylglutamyllysylleucylarginylserylcysteinylglutaminylvalylalanylleucylglu-
taminylglutamylhistidylglutamylalanylleucylglutamylglutamylalanylleucylgl-
utaminylserylmethionyltryptophylphenylalanyltryptophylvalyllysylalanyliso-
leucylglutaminylaspartylarginylleucylalanylcysteinylalanylglutamylserylth-
reonylleucylglycylseryllysylaspartylthreonylleucylglutamyllysylarginylleu-
cylserylglutaminylisoleucylglutaminylaspartylisoleucylleucylleucylmethion-
yllysylglycylglutamylglycylglutamylvalyllysylleucylasparaginylmethionylal-
anylisoleucylglycyllysylglycylglutamylglutaminylalanylleucylarginylseryls-
erylasparaginyllysylglutamylglycylglutaminylarginylvalylisoleucylglutamin-
ylthreonylglutaminylleucylglutamylthreonylleucyllysylglutamylvalyltryptop-
hylalanylaspartylisoleucylmethionylserylserylserylvalylhistidylalanylglut-
aminylserylthreonylleucylglutamylserylvalylisoleucylserylglutaminyltrypto-
phylasparaginylaspartyltyrosylvalylglutamylarginyllysylasparaginylglutami-
nylleucylglutamylglutaminyltryptophylmethionylglutamylserylvalylaspartylg-
lutaminyllysylisoleucylglutamylhistidylprolylleucylglutaminylprolylglutam-
inylprolylglycylleucyllysylglutamyllysylphenylalanylvalylleucylleucylaspa-
rtylhistidylleucylglutaminylserylisoleucylleucylserylglutamylalanylglutam-
ylaspartylhistidylthreonylarginylalanylleucylhistidylarginylleucylisoleuc-
ylalanyllysylserylarginylglutamylleucyltyrosylglutamyllysylthreonylglutam-
ylaspartylglutamylserylphenylalanyllysylaspartylthreonylalanylglutaminylg-
lutamylglutamylleucyllysylthreonylglutaminylphenylalanylasparaginylaspart-
ylisoleucylmethionylthreonylvalylalanyllysylglutamyllysylmethionylarginyl-
lysylvalylglutamylglutamylisoleucylvalyllysylaspartylhistidylleucylmethio-
nyltyrosylleucylaspartylalanylvalylhistidylglutamylphenylalanylthreonylas-
partyltryptophylleucylhistidylserylalanyllysylglutamylglutamylleucylhisti-
dylarginyltryptophylserylaspartylmethionylserylglycylaspartylserylserylal-
anylthreonylglutaminyllysyllysylleucylseryllysylisoleucyllysylglutamylleu-
cylisoleucylaspartylserylarginylglutamylisoleucylglycylalanylserylarginyl-
leucylserylarginylvalylglutamylserylleucylalanylprolylglutamylvalyllysylg-
lutaminylasparaginylthreonylthreonylalanylserylglycylcysteinylglutamylleu-
cylmethionylhistidylthreonylglutamylmethionylglutaminylalanylleucylarginy-
lalanylaspartyltryptophyllysylglutaminyltryptophylglutamylaspartylserylva-
lylphenylalanylglutaminylthreonylglutaminylserylcysteinylleucylglutamylas-
paraginylleucylvalylserylglutaminylmethionylalanylleucylserylglutamylglut-
aminylglutamylphenylalanylserylglycylglutaminylvalylalanylglutaminylleucy-
lglutamylglutaminylalanylleucylglutamylglutaminylphenylalanylserylalanyll-
eucylleucyllysylthreonyltryptophylalanylglutaminylglutaminylleucylthreony-
lleucylleucylglutamylglycyllysylasparaginylthreonylaspartylglutamylglutam-
ylisoleucylvalylglutamylcysteinyltryptophylhistidyllysylglycylglutaminylg-
lutamylisoleucylleucylaspartylalanylleucylglutaminyllysylalanylglutamylpr-
olylarginylthreonylglutamylaspartylleucyllysylserylglutaminylleucylaspara-
ginylglutamylleucylcysteinylarginylphenylalanylserylarginylaspartylleucyl-
serylthreonyltyrosylserylglycyllysylvalylserylglycylleucylisoleucyllysylg-
lutamyltyrosylasparaginylcysteinylleucylcysteinylleucylglutaminylalanylse-
ryllysylglycylcysteinylglutaminylasparaginyllysylglutamylglutaminylisoleu-
cylleucylglutaminylglutaminylarginylphenylalanylarginyllysylalanylphenyla-
lanylarginylaspartylphenylalanylglutaminylglutaminyltryptophylleucylvalyl-
asparaginylalanyllysylisoleucylthreonylthreonylalanyllysylcysteinylphenyl-
alanylaspartylisoleucylprolylglutaminylasparaginylisoleucylserylglutamylv-
alylserylthreonylserylleucylglutaminyllysylisoleucylglutaminylglutamylphe-
nylalanylleucylserylglutamylserylglutamylasparaginylglycylglutaminylhisti-
dyllysylleucylasparaginylmethionylmethionylleucylseryllysylglycylglutamyl-
leucylleucylserylthreonylleucylleucylthreonyllysylglutamyllysylalanyllysy-
lglycylisoleucylglutaminylalanyllysylvalylthreonylalanylalanyllysylglutam-
ylaspartyltryptophyllysylasparaginylphenylalanylhistidylserylasparaginyll-
eucylhistidylglutaminyllysylglutamylserylalanylleucylglutamylasparaginyll-
eucyllysylisoleucylglutaminylmethionyllysylaspartylphenylalanylglutamylva-
lylserylalanylglutamylprolylisoleucylglutaminylaspartyltryptophylleucylse-
ryllysylthreonylglutamyllysylmethionylvalylhistidylglutamylserylserylaspa-
raginylarginylleucyltyrosylaspartylleucylprolylalanyllysylarginylarginylg-
lutamylglutaminylglutaminyllysylleucylglutaminylserylvalylleucylglutamylg-
lutamylisoleucylhistidylcysteinyltyrosylglutamylprolylglutaminylleucylasp-
araginylarginylleucyllysylglutamyllysylalanylglutaminylglutaminylleucyltr-
yptophylglutamylglycylglutaminylalanylalanylseryllysylserylphenylalanylar-
ginylhistidylarginylvalylserylglutaminylleucylserylserylglutaminyltyrosyl-
leucylalanylleucylserylasparaginylleucylthreonyllysylglutamyllysylvalylse-
rylarginylleucylaspartylarginylisoleucylvalylalanylglutamylhistidylaspara-
ginylglutaminylphenylalanylserylleucylglycylisoleucyllysylglutamylleucylg-
lutaminylaspartyltryptophylmethionylthreonylaspartylalanylisoleucylhistid-
ylmethionylleucylaspartylseryltyrosylcysteinylhistidylprolylthreonylseryl-
aspartyllysylserylvalylleucylaspartylserylarginylthreonylleucyllysylleucy-
lglutamylalanylleucylleucylserylvalyllysylglutaminylglutamyllysylglutamyl-
isoleucylglutaminylmethionyllysylmethionylisoleucylvalylthreonylarginylgl-
ycylglutamylserylvalylleucylglutaminylasparaginylthreonylserylprolylgluta-
mylglycylisoleucylprolylthreonylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminylle-
ucylglutaminylserylvalyllysylaspartylmethionyltryptophylalanylserylleucyl-
leucylserylalanylglycylisoleucylarginylcysteinyllysylserylglutaminylleucy-
lglutamylglycylalanylleucylseryllysyltryptophylthreonylseryltyrosylglutam-
inylaspartylglycylvalylarginylglutaminylphenylalanylserylglycyltryptophyl-
methionylaspartylserylmethionylglutamylalanylasparaginylleucylasparaginyl-
glutamylserylglutamylarginylglutaminylhistidylalanylglutamylleucylarginyl-
aspartyllysylthreonylthreonylmethionylleucylglycyllysylalanyllysylleucyll-
eucylasparaginylglutamylglutamylvalylleucylseryltyrosylserylserylleucylle-
ucylglutamylthreonylisoleucylglutamylvalyllysylglycylalanylglycylmethiony-
lthreonylglutamylhistidyltyrosylvalylthreonylglutaminylleucylglutamylleuc-
ylglutaminylaspartylleucylglutaminylglutamylarginyltyrosylarginylalanylis-
oleucylglutaminylglutamylarginylalanyllysylglutamylalanylvalylthreonyllys-
ylserylglutamyllysylleucylvalylarginylleucylhistidylglutaminylglutamyltyr-
osylglutaminylarginylaspartylleucyllysylalanylphenylalanylglutamylvalyltr-
yptophylleucylglycylglutaminylglutamylglutaminylglutamyllysylleucylaspart-
ylglutaminyltyrosylserylvalylleucylglutamylglycylaspartylalanylhistidylth-
reonylhistidylglutamylthreonylthreonylleucylarginylaspartylleucylglutamin-
ylglutamylleucylglutaminylvalylhistidylcysteinylalanylglutamylglycylgluta-
minylalanylleucylleucylasparaginylserylvalylleucylhistidylthreonylarginyl-
glutamylaspartylvalylisoleucylprolylserylglycylisoleucylprolylglutaminyla-
lanylglutamylaspartylarginylalanylleucylglutamylserylleucylarginylglutami-
nylaspartyltryptophylglutaminylalanyltyrosylglutaminylhistidylarginylleuc-
ylserylglutamylthreonylarginylthreonylglutaminylphenylalanylasparaginylas-
paraginylvalylvalylasparaginyllysylleucylarginylleucylmethionylglutamylgl-
utaminyllysylphenylalanylglutaminylglutaminylvalylaspartylglutamyltryptop-
hylleucyllysylthreonylalanylglutamylglutamyllysylvalylserylprolylarginylt-
hreonylarginylarginylglutaminylserylasparaginylarginylalanylthreonyllysyl-
glutamylisoleucylglutaminylleucylhistidylglutaminylmethionyllysyllysyltry-
ptophylhistidylglutamylglutamylvalylthreonylalanyltyrosylarginylaspartylg-
lutamylvalylglutamylglutamylvalylglycylalanylarginylalanylglutaminylgluta-
mylisoleucylleucylaspartylglutamylserylhistidylvalylasparaginylserylargin-
ylmethionylglycylcysteinylglutaminylalanylthreonylglutaminylleucylthreony-
lserylarginyltyrosylglutaminylalanylleucylleucylleucylglutaminylvalylleuc-
ylglutamylglutaminylisoleucyllysylphenylalanylleucylglutamylglutamylgluta-
mylisoleucylglutaminylserylleucylglutamylglutamylserylglutamylserylseryll-
eucylserylseryltyrosylserylaspartyltryptophyltyrosylglycylserylthreonylhi-
stidyllysylasparaginylphenylalanyllysylasparaginylvalylalanylthreonyllysy-
lisoleucylaspartyllysylvalylaspartylthreonylvalylmethionylmethionylglycyl-
lysyllysylleucyllysylthreonylleucylglutamylvalylleucylleucyllysylaspartyl-
methionylglutamyllysylglycylhistidylserylleucylleucyllysylserylalanylargi-
nylglutamyllysylglycylglutamylarginylalanylvalyllysyltyrosylleucylglutamy-
lglutamylglycylglutamylalanylglutamylarginylleucylarginyllysylglutamyliso-
leucylhistidylaspartylhistidylmethionylglutamylglutaminylleucyllysylgluta-
mylleucylthreonylserylthreonylvalylarginyllysylglutamylhistidylmethionylt-
hreonylleucylglutamyllysylglycylleucylhistidylleucylalanyllysylglutamylph-
enylalanylserylaspartyllysylcysteinyllysylalanylleucylthreonylglutaminylt-
ryptophylisoleucylalanylglutamyltyrosylglutaminylglutamylisoleucylleucylh-
istidylvalylprolylglutamylglutamylprolyllysylmethionylglutamylleucyltyros-
ylglutamyllysyllysylalanylglutaminylleucylseryllysyltyrosyllysylserylleuc-
ylglutaminylglutaminylthreonylvalylleucylserylhistidylglutamylprolylseryl-
valyllysylserylvalylarginylglutamyllysylglycylglutamylalanylleucylleucylg-
lutamylleucylvalylglutaminylaspartylvalylthreonylleucyllysylaspartyllysyl-
isoleucylaspartylglutaminylleucylglutaminylserylaspartyltyrosylglutaminyl-
aspartylleucylcysteinylserylisoleucylglycyllysylglutamylhistidylvalylphen-
ylalanylserylleucylglutamylalanyllysylvalyllysylaspartylhistidylglutamyla-
spartyltyrosylasparaginylserylglutamylleucylglutaminylglutamylvalylglutam-
yllysyltryptophylleucylleucylglutaminylmethionylserylglycylarginylleucylv-
alylalanylprolylaspartylleucylleucylglutamylthreonylserylserylleucylgluta-
mylthreonylisoleucylthreonylglutaminylglutaminylleucylalanylhistidylhisti-
dyllysylalanylmethionylmethionylglutamylglutamylisoleucylalanylglycylphen-
ylalanylglutamylaspartylarginylleucylasparaginylasparaginylleucylglutamin-
ylmethionyllysylglycylaspartylthreonylleucylisoleucylglycylglutaminylcyst-
einylalanylaspartylhistidylleucylglutaminylalanyllysylleucyllysylglutamin-
ylasparaginylvalylhistidylalanylhistidylleucylglutaminylglycylthreonyllys-
ylaspartylseryltyrosylserylalanylisoleucylcysteinylserylthreonylalanylglu-
taminylarginylmethionyltyrosylglutaminylserylleucylglutamylhistidylglutam-
ylleucylglutaminyllysylhistidylvalylserylarginylglutaminylaspartylthreony-
lleucylglutaminylglutaminylcysteinylglutaminylalanyltryptophylleucylseryl-
alanylvalylglutaminylprolylaspartylleucylglutamylprolylserylprolylglutami-
nylprolylprolylleucylserylarginylalanylglutamylalanylisoleucyllysylglutam-
inylvalyllysylhistidylphenylalanylarginylalanylleucylglutaminylglutamylgl-
utaminylalanylarginylthreonyltyrosylleucylaspartylleucylleucylcysteinylse-
rylmethionylcysteinylaspartylleucylserylasparaginylalanylserylvalyllysylt-
hreonylthreonylalanyllysylaspartylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylthreonylgl-
utamylglutaminylthreonylisoleucylglutamylglutaminyllysylleucylvalylglutam-
inylalanylglutaminylasparaginylleucylthreonylglutaminylglycyltryptophylgl-
utamylglutamylisoleucyllysylhistidylleucyllysylserylglutamylleucyltryptop-
hylisoleucyltyrosylleucylglutaminylaspartylalanylaspartylglutaminylglutam-
inylleucylglutaminylasparaginylmethionyllysylarginylarginylhistidylserylg-
lutamylleucylglutamylleucylasparaginylisoleucylalanylglutaminylasparaginy-
lmethionylvalylserylglutaminylvalyllysylaspartylphenylalanylvalyllysyllys-
ylleucylglutaminylseryllysylglutaminylalanylserylvalylasparaginylthreonyl-
isoleucylisoleucylglutamyllysylvalylasparaginyllysylleucylthreonyllysylly-
sylglutamylglutamylserylprolylglutamylhistidyllysylglutamylisoleucylaspar-
aginylhistidylleucylasparaginylaspartylglutaminyltryptophylleucylaspartyl-
leucylcysteinylarginylglutaminylserylasparaginylasparaginylleucylcysteiny-
lleucylglutaminylarginylglutamylglutamylaspartylleucylglutaminylarginylth-
reonylarginylaspartyltyrosylhistidylaspartylcysteinylmethionylasparaginyl-
valylvalylglutamylvalylphenylalanylleucylglutamyllysylphenylalanylthreony-
lthreonylglutamyltryptophylaspartylasparaginylleucylalanylarginylserylasp-
artylalanylglutamylserylthreonylalanylvalylhistidylleucylglutamylalanylle-
ucyllysyllysylleucylalanylleucylalanylleucylglutaminylglutamylarginyllysy-
ltyrosylalanylisoleucylglutamylaspartylleucyllysylaspartylglutaminyllysyl-
glutaminyllysylmethionylisoleucylglutamylhistidylleucylasparaginylleucyla-
spartylaspartyllysylglutamylleucylvalyllysylglutamylglutaminylthreonylser-
ylhistidylleucylglutamylglutaminylarginyltryptophylphenylalanylglutaminyl-
leucylglutamylaspartylleucylisoleucyllysylarginyllysylisoleucylglutaminyl-
valylserylvalylthreonylasparaginylleucylglutamylglutamylleucylasparaginyl-
valylvalylglutaminylserylarginylphenylalanylglutaminylglutamylleucylmethi-
onylglutamyltryptophylalanylglutamylglutamylglutaminylglutaminylprolylasp-
araginylisoleucylalanylglutamylalanylleucyllysylglutaminylserylprolylprol-
ylprolylaspartylmethionylalanylglutaminylasparaginylleucylleucylmethionyl-
aspartylhistidylleucylalanylisoleucylcysteinylserylglutamylleucylglutamyl-
alanyllysylglutaminylmethionylleucylleucyllysylserylleucylisoleucyllysyla-
spartylalanylaspartylarginylvalylmethionylalanylaspartylleucylglycylleucy-
lasparaginylglutamylarginylglutaminylvalylisoleucylglutaminyllysylalanyll-
eucylserylaspartylalanylglutaminylserylhistidylvalylasparaginylcysteinyll-
eucylserylaspartylleucylvalylglycylglutaminylarginylarginyllysyltyrosylle-
ucylasparaginyllysylalanylleucylserylglutamyllysylthreonylglutaminylpheny-
lalanylleucylmethionylalanylvalylphenylalanylglutaminylalanylthreonylsery-
lglutaminylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylhistidylglutamylarginyllysylisole-
ucylmethionylphenylalanylarginylglutamylhistidylisoleucylcysteinylleucyll-
eucylprolylaspartylaspartylvalylseryllysylglutaminylvalyllysylthreonylcys-
teinyllysylserylalanylglutaminylalanylserylleucyllysylthreonyltyrosylglut-
aminylasparaginylglutamylvalylthreonylglycylleucyltryptophylalanylglutami-
nylglycylarginylglutamylleucylmethionyllysylglutamylvalylthreonylglutamyl-
glutaminylglutamyllysylserylglutamylvalylleucylglycyllysylleucylglutaminy-
lglutamylleucylglutaminylserylvalyltyrosylaspartylserylvalylleucylglutami-
nyllysylcysteinylserylhistidylarginylleucylglutaminylglutamylleucylglutam-
yllysylasparaginylleucylvalylserylarginyllysylhistidylphenylalanyllysylgl-
utamylaspartylphenylalanylaspartyllysylalanylcysteinylhistidyltryptophyll-
eucyllysylglutaminylalanylaspartylisoleucylvalylthreonylphenylalanylproly-
lglutamylisoleucylasparaginylleucylmethionylasparaginylglutamylserylseryl-
glutamylleucylhistidylthreonylglutaminylleucylalanyllysyltyrosylglutaminy-
lasparaginylisoleucylleucylglutamylglutaminylserylprolylglutamyltyrosylgl-
utamylasparaginylleucylleucylleucylthreonylleucylglutaminylarginylthreony-
lglycylglutaminylthreonylisoleucylleucylprolylserylleucylasparaginylgluta-
mylvalylaspartylhistidylseryltyrosylleucylserylglutamyllysylleucylasparag-
inylalanylleucylprolylarginylglutaminylphenylalanylasparaginylvalylisoleu-
cylvalylalanylleucylalanyllysylaspartyllysylphenylalanyltyrosyllysylvalyl-
glutaminylglutamylalanylisoleucylleucylalanylarginyllysylglutamyltyrosyla-
lanylserylleucylisoleucylglutamylleucylthreonylthreonylglutaminylserylleu-
cylserylglutamylleucylglutamylalanylglutaminylphenylalanylleucylarginylme-
thionylseryllysylvalylprolylthreonylaspartylleucylalanylvalylglutamylglut-
amylalanylleucylserylleucylglutaminylaspartylglycylcysteinylarginylalanyl-
isoleucylleucylaspartylglutamylvalylalanylglycylleucylglycylglutamylalany-
lvalylaspartylglutamylleucylasparaginylglutaminyllysyllysylglutamylglycyl-
phenylalanylarginylserylthreonylglycylglutaminylprolyltryptophylglutaminy-
lprolylaspartyllysylmethionylleucylhistidylleucylvalylthreonylleucyltyros-
ylhistidylarginylleucyllysylarginylglutaminylthreonylglutamylglutaminylar-
ginylvalylserylleucylleucylglutamylaspartylthreonylthreonylserylalanyltyr-
osylglutaminylglutamylhistidylglutamyllysylmethionylcysteinylglutaminylgl-
utaminylleucylglutamylarginylglutaminylleucyllysylserylvalyllysylglutamyl-
glutamylglutaminylseryllysylvalylasparaginylglutamylglutamylthreonylleucy-
lprolylalanylglutamylglutamyllysylleucyllysylmethionyltyrosylhistidylsery-
lleucylalanylglycylserylleucylglutaminylaspartylserylglycylisoleucylvalyl-
leucyllysylarginylvalylthreonylisoleucylhistidylleucylglutamylaspartylleu-
cylalanylprolylhistidylleucylaspartylprolylleucylalanyltyrosylglutamyllys-
ylalanylarginylhistidylglutaminylisoleucylglutaminylseryltryptophylglutam-
inylglycylglutamylleucyllysylleucylleucylthreonylserylalanylisoleucylglyc-
ylglutamylthreonylvalylthreonylglutamylcysteinylglutamylserylarginylmethi-
onylvalylglutaminylserylisoleucylaspartylphenylalanylglutaminylthreonylgl-
utamylmethionylserylarginylserylleucylaspartyltryptophylleucylarginylargi-
nylvalyllysylalanylglutamylleucylserylglycylprolylvalyltyrosylleucylaspar-
tylleucylasparaginylleucylglutaminylaspartylisoleucylglutaminylglutamylgl-
utamylisoleucylarginyllysylisoleucylglutaminylisoleucylhistidylglutaminyl-
glutamylglutamylvalylglutaminylserylserylleucylarginylisoleucylmethionyla-
sparaginylalanylleucylserylhistidyllysylglutamyllysylglutamyllysylphenyla-
lanylthreonyllysylalanyllysylglutamylleucylisoleucylserylalanylaspartylle-
ucylglutamylhistidylserylleucylalanylglutamylleucylserylglutamylleucylasp-
artylglycylaspartylisoleucylglutaminylglutamylalanylleucylarginylthreonyl-
arginylglutaminylalanylthreonylleucylthreonylglutamylisoleucyltyrosylsery-
lglutaminylcysteinylglutaminylarginyltyrosyltyrosylglutaminylvalylphenyla-
lanylglutaminylalanylalanylasparaginylaspartyltryptophylleucylglutamylasp-
artylalanylglutaminylglutamylleucylleucylglutaminylleucylalanylglycylaspa-
raginylglycylleucylaspartylvalylglutamylserylalanylglutamylglutamylaspara-
ginylleucyllysylserylhistidylmethionylglutamylphenylalanylphenylalanylser-
ylthreonylglutamylaspartylglutaminylphenylalanylhistidylserylasparaginyll-
eucylglutamylglutamylleucylhistidylserylleucylvalylalanylthreonylleucylas-
partylprolylleucylisoleucyllysylprolylthreonylglycyllysylglutamylaspartyl-
leucylglutamylglutaminyllysylvalylalanylserylleucylglutamylleucylarginyls-
erylglutaminylarginylmethionylserylarginylaspartylserylglycylalanylglutam-
inylvalylaspartylleucylleucylglutaminylarginylcysteinylthreonylalanylglut-
aminyltryptophylhistidylaspartyltyrosylglutaminyllysylalanylarginylglutam-
ylglutamylvalylisoleucylglutamylleucylmethionylasparaginylaspartylthreony-
lglutamyllysyllysylleucylserylglutamylphenylalanylserylleucylleucyllysylt-
hreonylserylserylserylhistidylglutamylalanylglutamylglutamyllysylleucylse-
rylglutamylhistidyllysylalanylleucylvalylserylvalylvalylasparaginylserylp-
henylalanylhistidylglutamyllysylisoleucylvalylalanylleucylglutamylglutamy-
llysylalanylserylglutaminylleucylglutamyllysylthreonylglycylasparaginylas-
partylalanylseryllysylalanylthreonylleucylserylarginylserylmethionylthreo-
nylthreonylvalyltryptophylglutaminylarginyltryptophylthreonylarginylleucy-
larginylalanylvalylalanylglutaminylaspartylglutaminylglutamyllysylisoleuc-
ylleucylglutamylaspartylalanylvalylaspartylglutamyltryptophylthreonylglyc-
ylphenylalanylasparaginylasparaginyllysylvalyllysyllysylalanylthreonylglu-
tamylmethionylisoleucylaspartylglutaminylleucylglutaminylaspartyllysylleu-
cylprolylglycylserylserylalanylglutamyllysylalanylseryllysylalanylglutamy-
lleucylleucylthreonylleucylleucylglutamyltyrosylhistidylaspartylthreonylp-
henylalanylvalylleucylglutamylleucylglutamylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminy-
lserylalanylleucylglycylmethionylleucylarginylglutaminylglutaminylthreony-
lleucylserylmethionylleucylglutaminylaspartylglycylalanylalanylprolylthre-
onylprolylglycylglutamylglutamylprolylprolylleucylmethionylglutaminylglut-
amylisoleucylthreonylalanylmethionylglutaminylaspartylarginylcysteinylleu-
cylasparaginylmethionylglutaminylglutamyllysylvalyllysylthreonylasparagin-
ylglycyllysylleucylvalyllysylglutaminylglutamylleucyllysylaspartylarginyl-
glutamylmethionylvalylglutamylthreonylglutaminylisoleucylasparaginylseryl-
valyllysylcysteinyltryptophylvalylglutaminylglutamylthreonyllysylglutamyl-
tyrosylleucylglycylasparaginylprolylthreonylisoleucylglutamylisoleucylasp-
artylalanylglutaminylleucylglutamylglutamylleucylglutaminylisoleucylleucy-
lleucylthreonylglutamylalanylthreonylasparaginylhistidylarginylglutaminyl-
asparaginylisoleucylglutamyllysylmethionylalanylglutamylglutamylglutaminy-
llysylglutamyllysyltyrosylleucylglycylleucyltyrosylthreonylisoleucylleucy-
lprolylserylglutamylleucylserylleucylglutaminylleucylalanylglutamylvalyla-
lanylleucylaspartylleucyllysylisoleucylarginylaspartylglutaminylisoleucyl-
glutaminylaspartyllysylisoleucyllysylglutamylvalylglutamylglutaminylseryl-
lysylalanylthreonylserylglutaminylglutamylleucylserylarginylglutaminyliso-
leucylglutaminyllysylleucylalanyllysylaspartylleucylthreonylthreonylisole-
ucylleucylthreonyllysylleucyllysylalanyllysylthreonylaspartylasparaginylv-
alylvalylglutaminylalanyllysylthreonylaspartylglutaminyllysylvalylleucylg-
lycylglutamylglutamylleucylaspartylglycylcysteinylasparaginylseryllysylle-
ucylmethionylglutamylleucylaspartylalanylalanylvalylglutaminyllysylphenyl-
alanylleucylglutamylglutaminylasparaginylglycylglutaminylleucylglycyllysy-
lprolylleucylalanyllysyllysylisoleucylglycyllysylleucylthreonylglutamylle-
ucylhistidylglutaminylglutaminylthreonylisoleucylarginylglutaminylalanylg-
lutamylasparaginylarginylleucylseryllysylleucylasparaginylglutaminylalany-
lalanylserylhistidylleucylglutamylglutamyltyrosylasparaginylglutamylmethi-
onylleucylglutamylleucylisoleucylleucyllysyltryptophylisoleucylglutamylly-
sylalanyllysylvalylleucylalanylhistidylglycylthreonylisoleucylalanyltrypt-
ophylasparaginylserylalanylserylglutaminylleucylarginylglutamylglutaminyl-
tyrosylisoleucylleucylhistidylglutaminylthreonylleucylleucylglutamylgluta-
mylseryllysylglutamylisoleucylaspartylserylglutamylleucylglutamylalanylme-
thionylthreonylglutamyllysylleucylglutaminyltyrosylleucylthreonylserylval-
yltyrosylcysteinylthreonylglutamyllysylmethionylserylglutaminylglutaminyl-
valylalanylglutamylleucylglycylarginylglutamylthreonylglutamylglutamylleu-
cylarginylglutaminylmethionylisoleucyllysylisoleucylarginylleucylglutamin-
ylasparaginylleucylglutaminylaspartylalanylalanyllysylaspartylmethionylly-
syllysylphenylalanylglutamylalanylglutamylleucyllysyllysylleucylglutaminy-
lalanylalanylleucylglutamylglutaminylalanylglutaminylalanylthreonylleucyl-
threonylserylprolylglutamylvalylglycylarginylleucylserylleucyllysylglutam-
ylglutaminylleucylserylhistidylarginylglutaminylhistidylleucylleucylseryl-
glutamylmethionylglutamylserylleucyllysylprolyllysylvalylglutaminylalanyl-
valylglutaminylleucylcysteinylglutaminylserylalanylleucylarginylisoleucyl-
prolylglutamylaspartylvalylvalylalanylserylleucylprolylleucylcysteinylhis-
tidylalanylalanylleucylarginylleucylglutaminylglutamylglutamylalanylseryl-
arginylleucylglutaminylhistidylthreonylalanylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminy-
lcysteinylasparaginylisoleucylmethionylglutaminylalanylalanylvalylvalylgl-
utaminyltyrosylglutamylglutaminyltyrosylglutamylglutaminylglutamylmethion-
yllysylhistidylleucylglutaminylglutaminylleucylisoleucylglutamylglycylala-
nylhistidylarginylglutamylisoleucylglutamylaspartyllysylprolylvalylalanyl-
threonylserylasparaginylisoleucylglutaminylglutamylleucylglutaminylalanyl-
glutaminylisoleucylserylarginylhistidylglutamylglutamylleucylalanylglutam-
inyllysylisoleucyllysylglycyltyrosylglutaminylglutamylglutaminylisoleucyl-
alanylserylleucylasparaginylseryllysylcysteinyllysylmethionylleucylthreon-
ylmethionyllysylalanyllysylhistidylalanylthreonylmethionylleucylleucylthr-
eonylvalylthreonylglutamylvalylglutamylglycylleucylalanylglutamylglycylth-
reonylglutamylaspartylleucylaspartylglycylglutamylleucylleucylprolylthreo-
nylprolylserylalanylhistidylprolylserylvalylvalylmethionylmethionylthreon-
ylalanylglycylarginylcysteinylhistidylthreonylleucylleucylserylprolylvaly-
lthreonylglutamylglutamylserylglycylglutamylglutamylglycylthreonylasparag-
inylserylglutamylisoleucylserylserylprolylprolylalanylcysteinylarginylser-
ylprolylserylprolylvalylalanylasparaginylthreonylaspartylalanylserylvalyl-
asparaginylglutaminylaspartylisoleucylalanyltyrosyltyrosylglutaminylalany-
lleucylserylalanylglutamylarginylleucylglutaminylthreonylaspartylalanylal-
anyllysylisoleucylhistidylprolylserylthreonylserylalanylserylglutaminylgl-
utamylphenylalanyltyrosylglutamylprolylglycylleucylglutamylprolylserylala-
nylthreonylalanyllysylleucylglycylaspartylleucylglutaminylarginylseryltry-
ptophylglutamylthreonylleucyllysylasparaginylvalylisoleucylserylglutamyll-
ysylglutaminylarginylthreonylleucyltyrosylglutamylalanylleucylglutamylarg-
inylglutaminylglutaminyllysyltyrosylglutaminylaspartylserylleucylglutamin-
ylserylisoleucylserylthreonyllysylmethionylglutamylalanylisoleucylglutamy-
lleucyllysylleucylserylglutamylserylprolylglutamylprolylglycylarginylsery-
lprolylglutamylserylglutaminylmethionylalanylglutamylhistidylglutaminylal-
anylleucylmethionylaspartylglutamylisoleucylleucylmethionylleucylglutamin-
ylaspartylglutamylisoleucylasparaginylglutamylleucylglutaminylserylseryll-
eucylalanylglutamylglutamylleucylvalylserylglutamylserylcysteinylglutamyl-
alanylaspartylprolylalanylglutamylglutaminylleucylalanylleucylglutaminyls-
erylthreonylleucylthreonylvalylleucylalanylglutamylarginylmethionylserylt-
hreonylisoleucylarginylmethionyllysylalanylserylglycyllysylarginylglutami-
nylleucylleucylglutamylglutamyllysylleucylasparaginylaspartylglutaminylle-
ucylglutamylglutamylglutaminylarginylglutaminylglutamylglutaminylalanylle-
ucylglutaminylarginyltyrosylarginylcysteinylglutamylalanylaspartylglutamy-
lleucylaspartylseryltryptophylleucylleucylserylthreonyllysylalanylthreony-
lleucylaspartylthreonylalanylleucylserylprolylprolyllysylglutamylprolylme-
thionylaspartylmethionylglutamylalanylglutaminylleucylmethionylaspartylcy-
steinylglutaminylasparaginylmethionylleucylvalylglutamylisoleucylglutamyl-
glutaminyllysylvalylvalylalanylleucylserylglutamylleucylserylvalylhistidy-
lasparaginylglutamylasparaginylleucylleucylleucylglutamylglycyllysylalany-
lhistidylthreonyllysylaspartylglutamylalanylglutamylglutaminylleucylalany-
lglycyllysylleucylarginylarginylleucyllysylglycylserylleucylleucylglutamy-
lleucylglutaminylarginylalanylleucylhistidylaspartyllysylglutaminylleucyl-
asparaginylmethionylglutaminylglycylthreonylalanylglutaminylglutamyllysyl-
glutamylglutamylserylaspartylvalylaspartylleucylthreonylalanylthreonylglu-
taminylserylprolylglycylvalylglutaminylglutamyltryptophylleucylalanylglut-
aminylalanylarginylthreonylthreonyltryptophylthreonylglutaminylglutaminyl-
arginylglutaminylserylserylleucylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminyllysylgluta-
mylleucylglutamylglutaminylglutamylleucylalanylglutamylglutaminyllysylser-
ylleucylleucylarginylserylvalylalanylserylarginylglycylglutamylglutamylis-
oleucylleucylisoleucylglutaminylhistidylserylalanylalanylglutamylthreonyl-
serylglycylaspartylalanylglycylglutamyllysylprolylaspartylvalylleucylsery-
lglutaminylglutamylleucylglycylmethionylglutamylglycylglutamyllysylseryls-
erylalanylglutamylaspartylglutaminylmethionylarginylmethionyllysyltryptop-
hylglutamylserylleucylhistidylglutaminylglutamylphenylalanylserylthreonyl-
lysylglutaminyllysylleucylleucylglutaminylasparaginylvalylleucylglutamylg-
lutaminylglutamylglutaminylglutamylglutaminylvalylleucyltyrosylserylargin-
ylprolylasparaginylarginylleucylleucylserylglycylvalylprolylleucyltyrosyl-
lysylglycylaspartylvalylprolylthreonylglutaminylaspartyllysylserylalanylv-
alylthreonylserylleucylleucylaspartylglycylleucylasparaginylglutaminylala-
nylphenylalanylglutamylglutamylvalylserylserylglutaminylserylglycylglycyl-
alanyllysylarginylglutaminylserylisoleucylhistidylleucylglutamylglutaminy-
llysylleucyltyrosylaspartylglycylvalylserylalanylthreonylserylthreonyltry-
ptophylleucylaspartylaspartylvalylglutamylglutamylarginylleucylphenylalan-
ylvalylalanylthreonylalanylleucylleucylprolylglutamylglutamylthreonylglut-
amylthreonylcysteinylleucylphenylalanylasparaginylglutaminylglutamylisole-
ucylleucylalanyllysylaspartylisoleucyllysylglutamylmethionylserylglutamyl-
glutamylmethionylaspartyllysylasparaginyllysylasparaginylleucylphenylalan-
ylserylglutaminylalanylphenylalanylprolylglutamylasparaginylglycylasparty-
lasparaginylarginylaspartylvalylisoleucylglutamylaspartylthreonylleucylgl-
ycylcysteinylleucylleucylglycylarginylleucylserylleucylleucylaspartylsery-
lvalylvalylasparaginylglutaminylarginylcysteinylhistidylglutaminylmethion-
yllysylglutamylarginylleucylglutaminylglutaminylisoleucylleucylasparaginy-
lphenylalanylglutaminylasparaginylaspartylleucyllysylvalylleucylphenylala-
nylthreonylserylleucylalanylaspartylasparaginyllysyltyrosylisoleucylisole-
ucylleucylglutaminyllysylleucylalanylasparaginylvalylphenylalanylglutamyl-
glutaminylprolylvalylalanylglutamylglutaminylisoleucylglutamylalanylisole-
ucylglutaminylglutaminylalanylglutamylaspartylglycylleucyllysylglutamylph-
enylalanylaspartylalanylglycylisoleucylisoleucylglutamylleucyllysylarginy-
larginylglycylaspartyllysylleucylglutaminylvalylglutamylglutaminylprolyls-
erylmethionylglutaminylglutamylleucylseryllysylleucylglutaminylaspartylme-
thionyltyrosylaspartylglutamylleucylmethionylmethionylisoleucylisoleucylg-
lycylserylarginylarginylserylglycylleucylasparaginylglutaminylasparaginyl-
leucylthreonylleucyllysylserylglutaminyltyrosylglutamylarginylalanylleucy-
lglutaminylaspartylleucylalanylaspartylleucylleucylglutamylthreonylglycyl-
glutaminylglutamyllysylmethionylalanylglycylaspartylglutaminyllysylisoleu-
cylisoleucylvalylserylseryllysylglutamylglutamylisoleucylglutaminylglutam-
inylleucylleucylaspartyllysylhistidyllysylglutamyltyrosylphenylalanylglut-
aminylglycylleucylglutamylserylhistidylmethionylisoleucylleucylthreonylgl-
utamylthreonylleucylphenylalanylarginyllysylisoleucylisoleucylserylphenyl-
alanylalanylvalylglutaminyllysylglutamylthreonylglutaminylphenylalanylhis-
tidylthreonylglutamylleucylmethionylalanylglutaminylalanylserylalanylvaly-
lleucyllysylarginylalanylhistidyllysylarginylglycylvalylglutamylleucylglu-
tamyltyrosylisoleucylleucylglutamylthreonyltryptophylserylhistidylleucyla-
spartylglutamylaspartylglutaminylglutaminylglutamylleucylserylarginylglut-
aminylleucylglutamylvalylvalylglutamylserylserylisoleucylprolylserylvalyl-
glycylleucylvalylglutamylglutamylasparaginylglutamylaspartylarginylleucyl-
isoleucylaspartylarginylisoleucylthreonylleucyltyrosylglutaminylhistidyll-
eucyllysylserylserylleucylasparaginylglutamyltyrosylglutaminylprolyllysyl-
leucyltyrosylglutaminylvalylleucylaspartylaspartylglycyllysylarginylleucy-
lleucylisoleucylserylisoleucylserylcysteinylserylaspartylleucylglutamylse-
rylglutaminylleucylasparaginylglutaminylleucylglycylglutamylcysteinyltryp-
tophylleucylserylasparaginylthreonylasparaginyllysylmethionylseryllysylgl-
utamylleucylhistidylarginylleucylglutamylthreonylisoleucylleucyllysylhist-
idyltryptophylthreonylarginyltyrosylglutaminylserylglutamylserylalanylasp-
artylleucylisoleucylhistidyltryptophylleucylglutaminylserylalanyllysylasp-
artylarginylleucylglutamylphenylalanyltryptophylthreonylglutaminylglutami-
nylserylvalylthreonylvalylprolylglutaminylglutamylleucylglutamylmethionyl-
valylarginylaspartylhistidylleucylasparaginylalanylphenylalanylleucylglut-
amylphenylalanylseryllysylglutamylvalylaspartylalanylglutaminylserylseryl-
leucyllysylserylserylvalylleucylserylthreonylglycylasparaginylglutaminyll-
eucylleucylarginylleucyllysyllysylvalylaspartylthreonylalanylthreonylleuc-
ylarginylserylglutamylleucylserylarginylisoleucylaspartylserylglutaminylt-
ryptophylthreonylaspartylleucylleucylthreonylasparaginylisoleucylprolylal-
anylvalylglutaminylglutamyllysylleucylhistidylglutaminylleucylglutaminylm-
ethionylaspartyllysylleucylprolylserylarginylhistidylalanylisoleucylseryl-
glutamylvalylmethionylseryltryptophylisoleucylserylleucylmethionylglutamy-
lasparaginylvalylisoleucylglutaminyllysylaspartylglutamylaspartylasparagi-
nylisoleucyllysylasparaginylserylisoleucylglycyltyrosyllysylalanylisoleuc-
ylhistidylglutamyltyrosylleucylglutaminyllysyltyrosyllysylglycylphenylala-
nyllysylisoleucylaspartylisoleucylasparaginylcysteinyllysylglutaminylleuc-
ylthreonylvalylaspartylphenylalanylvalylasparaginylglutaminylserylvalylle-
ucylglutaminylisoleucylserylserylglutaminylaspartylvalylglutamylseryllysy-
larginylserylaspartyllysylthreonylaspartylphenylalanylalanylglutamylgluta-
minylleucylglycylalanylmethionylasparaginyllysylseryltryptophylglutaminyl-
isoleucylleucylglutaminylglycylleucylvalylthreonylglutamyllysylisoleucylg-
lutaminylleucylleucylglutamylglycylleucylleucylglutamylseryltryptophylser-
ylglutamyltyrosylglutamylasparaginylasparaginylvalylglutaminylcysteinylle-
ucyllysylthreonyltryptophylphenylalanylglutamylthreonylglutaminylglutamyl-
lysylarginylleucyllysylglutaminylglutaminylhistidylarginylisoleucylglycyl-
aspartylglutaminylalanylserylvalylglutaminylasparaginylalanylleucyllysyla-
spartylcysteinylglutaminylaspartylleucylglutamylaspartylleucylisoleucylly-
sylalanyllysylglutamyllysylglutamylvalylglutamyllysylisoleucylglutamylglu-
taminylasparaginylglycylleucylalanylleucylisoleucylglutaminylasparaginyll-
ysyllysylglutamylaspartylvalylserylserylisoleucylvalylmethionylserylthreo-
nylleucylarginylglutamylleucylglycylglutaminylthreonyltryptophylalanylasp-
araginylleucylaspartylhistidylmethionylvalylglycylglutaminylleucyllysylis-
oleucylleucylleucyllysylserylvalylleucylaspartylglutaminyltryptophylseryl-
serylhistidyllysylvalylalanylphenylalanylaspartyllysylisoleucylasparaginy-
lseryltyrosylleucylmethionylglutamylalanylarginyltyrosylserylleucylseryla-
rginylphenylalanylarginylleucylleucylthreonylglycylserylleucylglutamylala-
nylvalylglutaminylvalylglutaminylvalylaspartylasparaginylleucylglutaminyl-
asparaginylleucylglutaminylaspartylaspartylleucylglutamyllysylglutaminylg-
lutamylarginylserylleucylglutaminyllysylphenylalanylglycylserylisoleucylt-
hreonylasparaginylglutaminylleucylleucyllysylglutamylcysteinylhistidylpro-
lylprolylvalylthreonylglutamylthreonylleucylthreonylasparaginylthreonylle-
ucyllysylglutamylvalylasparaginylmethionylarginyltryptophylasparaginylasp-
araginylleucylleucylglutamylglutamylisoleucylalanylglutamylglutaminylleuc-
ylglutaminylserylseryllysylalanylleucylleucylglutaminylleucyltryptophylgl-
utaminylarginyltyrosyllysylaspartyltyrosylseryllysylglutaminylcysteinylal-
anylserylthreonylvalylglutaminylglutaminylglutaminylglutamylaspartylargin-
ylthreonylasparaginylglutamylleucylleucyllysylalanylalanylthreonylasparag-
inyllysylaspartylisoleucylalanylaspartylaspartylglutamylvalylalanylthreon-
yltryptophylisoleucylglutaminylaspartylcysteinylasparaginylaspartylleucyl-
leucyllysylglycylleucylglycylthreonylvalyllysylaspartylserylleucylphenyla-
lanylphenylalanylleucylhistidylglutamylleucylglycylglutamylglutaminylleuc-
yllysylglutaminylglutaminylvalylaspartylalanylserylalanylalanylserylalany-
lisoleucylglutaminylserylaspartylglutaminylleucylserylleucylserylglutamin-
ylhistidylleucylcysteinylalanylleucylglutamylglutaminylalanylleucylcystei-
nyllysylglutaminylglutaminylthreonylserylleucylglutaminylalanylglycylvaly-
lleucylaspartyltyrosylglutamylthreonylphenylalanylalanyllysylserylleucylg-
lutamylalanylleucylglutamylalanyltryptophylisoleucylvalylglutamylalanylgl-
utamylglutamylisoleucylleucylglutaminylglycylglutaminylaspartylprolylsery-
lhistidylserylserylaspartylleucylserylthreonylisoleucylglutaminylglutamyl-
arginylmethionylglutamylglutamylleucyllysylglycylglutaminylmethionylleucy-
llysylphenylalanylserylserylmethionylalanylprolylaspartylleucylaspartylar-
ginylleucylasparaginylglutamylleucylglycyltyrosylarginylleucylprolylleucy-
lasparaginylaspartyllysylglutamylisoleucyllysylarginylmethionylglutaminyl-
asparaginylleucylasparaginylarginylhistidyltryptophylserylleucylisoleucyl-
serylserylglutaminylthreonylthreonylglutamylarginylphenylalanylseryllysyl-
leucylglutaminylserylphenylalanylleucylleucylglutaminylhistidylglutaminyl-
threonylphenylalanylleucylglutamyllysylcysteinylglutamylthreonyltryptophy-
lmethionylglutamylphenylalanylleucylvalylglutaminylthreonylglutamylglutam-
inyllysylleucylalanylvalylglutamylisoleucylserylglycylasparaginyltyrosylg-
lutaminylhistidylleucylleucylglutamylglutaminylglutaminylarginylalanylhis-
tidylglutamylleucylphenylalanylglutaminylalanylglutamylmethionylphenylala-
nylserylarginylglutaminylglutaminylisoleucylleucylhistidylserylisoleucyli-
soleucylisoleucylaspartylglycylglutaminylarginylleucylleucylglutamylgluta-
minylglycylglutaminylvalylaspartylaspartylarginylaspartylglutamylphenylal-
anylasparaginylleucyllysylleucylthreonylleucylleucylserylasparaginylgluta-
minyltryptophylglutaminylglycylvalylisoleucylarginylarginylalanylglutamin-
ylglutaminylarginylarginylglycylisoleucylisoleucylaspartylserylglutaminyl-
isoleucylarginylglutaminyltryptophylglutaminylarginyltyrosylarginylglutam-
ylmethionylalanylglutamyllysylleucylarginyllysyltryptophylleucylvalylglut-
amylvalylseryltyrosylleucylprolylmethionylserylglycylleucylglycylserylval-
ylprolylisoleucylprolylleucylglutaminylglutaminylalanylarginylthreonylleu-
cylphenylalanylaspartylglutamylvalylglutaminylphenylalanyllysylglutamylly-
sylvalylphenylalanylleucylarginylglutaminylglutaminylglycylseryltyrosylis-
oleucylleucylthreonylvalylglutamylalanylglycyllysylglutaminylleucylleucyl-
leucylserylalanylaspartylserylglycylalanylglutamylalanylalanylleucylgluta-
minylalanylglutamylleucylalanylglutamylisoleucylglutaminylglutamyllysyltr-
yptophyllysylserylalanylserylmethionylarginylleucylglutamylglutamylglutam-
inyllysyllysyllysylleucylalanylphenylalanylleucylleucyllysylaspartyltrypt-
ophylglutamyllysylcysteinylglutamyllysylglycylisoleucylalanylaspartylsery-
lleucylglutamyllysylleucylarginylthreonylphenylalanyllysyllysyllysylleucy-
lserylglutaminylserylleucylprolylaspartylhistidylhistidylglutamylglutamyl-
leucylhistidylalanylglutamylglutaminylmethionylarginylcysteinyllysylgluta-
mylleucylglutamylasparaginylalanylvalylglycylseryltryptophylthreonylaspar-
tylaspartylleucylthreonylglutaminylleucylserylleucylleucyllysylaspartylth-
reonylleucylserylalanyltyrosylisoleucylserylalanylaspartylaspartylisoleuc-
ylserylisoleucylleucylasparaginylglutamylarginylvalylglutamylleucylleucyl-
glutaminylarginylglutaminyltryptophylglutamylglutamylleucylcysteinylhisti-
dylglutaminylleucylserylleucylarginylarginylglutaminylglutaminylisoleucyl-
glycylglutamylarginylleucylasparaginylglutamyltryptophylalanylvalylphenyl-
alanylserylglutamyllysylasparaginyllysylglutamylleucylcysteinylglutamyltr-
yptophylleucylthreonylglutaminylmethionylglutamylseryllysylvalylserylglut-
aminylasparaginylglycylaspartylisoleucylleucylisoleucylglutamylglutamylme-
thionylisoleucylglutamyllysylleucyllysyllysylaspartyltyrosylglutaminylglu-
tamylglutamylisoleucylalanylisoleucylalanylglutaminylglutamylasparaginyll-
ysylisoleucylglutaminylleucylglutaminylglutaminylmethionylglycylglutamyla-
rginylleucylalanyllysylalanylserylhistidylglutamylseryllysylalanylserylgl-
utamylisoleucylglutamyltyrosyllysylleucylglycyllysylvalylasparaginylaspar-
tylarginyltryptophylglutaminylhistidylleucylleucylaspartylleucylisoleucyl-
alanylalanylarginylvalyllysyllysylleucyllysylglutamylthreonylleucylvalyla-
lanylvalylglutaminylglutaminylleucylaspartyllysylasparaginylmethionylsery-
lserylleucylarginylthreonyltryptophylleucylalanylhistidylisoleucylglutamy-
lserylglutamylleucylalanyllysylprolylisoleucylvalyltyrosylaspartylserylcy-
steinylasparaginylserylglutamylglutamylisoleucylglutaminylarginyllysylleu-
cylasparaginylglutamylglutaminylglutaminylglutamylleucylglutaminylarginyl-
aspartylisoleucylglutamyllysylhistidylserylthreonylglycylvalylalanylseryl-
valylleucylasparaginylleucylcysteinylglutamylvalylleucylleucylhistidylasp-
artylcysteinylaspartylalanylcysteinylalanylthreonylaspartylalanylglutamyl-
cysteinylaspartylserylisoleucylglutaminylglutaminylalanylthreonylarginyla-
sparaginylleucylaspartylarginylarginyltryptophylarginylasparaginylisoleuc-
ylcysteinylalanylmethionylserylmethionylglutamylarginylarginylleucyllysyl-
isoleucylglutamylglutamylthreonyltryptophylarginylleucyltryptophylglutami-
nyllysylphenylalanylleucylaspartylaspartyltyrosylserylarginylphenylalanyl-
glutamylaspartyltryptophylleucyllysylserylserylglutamylarginylthreonylala-
nylalanylphenylalanylprolylserylserylserylglycylvalylisoleucyltyrosylthre-
onylvalylalanyllysylglutamylglutamylleucyllysyllysylphenylalanylglutamyla-
lanylphenylalanylglutaminylarginylglutaminylvalylhistidylglutamylcysteiny-
lleucylthreonylglutaminylleucylglutamylleucylisoleucylasparaginyllysylglu-
taminyltyrosylarginylarginylleucylalanylarginylglutamylasparaginylarginyl-
threonylaspartylserylalanylcysteinylserylleucyllysylglutaminylmethionylva-
lylhistidylglutamylglycylasparaginylglutaminylarginyltryptophylaspartylas-
paraginylleucylglutaminyllysylarginylvalylthreonylserylisoleucylleucylarg-
inylarginylleucyllysylhistidylphenylalanylisoleucylglycylglutaminylarginy-
lglutamylglutamylphenylalanylglutamylthreonylalanylarginylaspartylserylis-
oleucylleucylvalyltryptophylleucylthreonylglutamylmethionylaspartylleucyl-
glutaminylleucylthreonylasparaginylisoleucylglutamylhistidylphenylalanyls-
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araginylglycylprolylprolylprolylleucine

Jumat, 25 April 2014

Leidenfrost Effect, Percobaan Reaksi Fisika yang Menakjubkan

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Sebagian dari Anda mungkin sudah mengenal Efek Leidenfrost, yaitu fenomena dimana cairan yang kontak dengan suatu bahan yang jauh lebih panas dari titik didih cairan itu, akan menghasilkan lapisan uap isolasi yang menjaga cairan agar tidak menguap dengan cepat.

Fenomena ini paling sering terlihat ketika memasak, setetes air dalam panci yang suhunya jauh diatas titik didih air atau di atas titik Leidenfrost, maka tetesan air tersebut akan bergulir di panci dan membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk menguap daripada di dalam panci yang suhunya dibawah titik Leidenfrost (tapi masih di atas titik didihnya).



Efek ini juga menjelaskan mengapa tangan kita baik-baik saja walaupun dituangkan nitrogen cair. Nitrogen memiliki titik didih −196°C, dan suhu tubuh manusia adalah sekitar 37°C, ini sangat panas bagi nitrogen.

Lalu, saat bertemunya nitrogen cair dengan tangan, efek Leidenfrost pun terjadi. Nitrogen cair akan tertahan oleh uapnya sendiri, ini menyebabkan tetes-tetes nitrogen cair menjauh dari permukaan kulit.


Akan tetapi, ini tidak akan terjadi selamanya, bila kita terlalu lama menuangkan nitrogen cair ke tangan kita, tangan akan mendingin dan menyebabkan nitrogen cair tidak menguap secepat sebelumnya.

Jadi, ketika setetes air menyentuh permukaan yang panas (sedikit diatas titik didihnya), tetes air tersebut dengan cepat menguap.


Tapi jika tetesan air dijatuhkan/menyentuh permukaan yang sangat panas (jauh diatas titik didihnya), hanya sedikit dari lapisan luar tetesan itu yang menguap, menghasilkan efek isolasi yang menyebabkan tetesan sisa bergulir di permukaan yang panas.

Nah, ketika tetesan air menghantam permukaan yang sangat panas tapi halus, mereka cenderung bergulir atau melompat-lompat ke arah yang acak. Namun para peneliti telah menemukan bahwa jika permukaan yang sangat panas memiliki tekstur bergerigi, tetesan hanya bergerak dalam satu arah saja.

  

Dua orang mahasiswa dari universitas Bath, Carmen Cheng dan Matthew Guy, membangun sebuah labirin alumunium yang permukaannya bergerigi kemudian dipanaskan diatas titik Leidenfrost dari air.

Ketika tetesan-tetesan air dijatuhkan pada labirin ini, tampak seolah-olah tetesan-tetesan air tersebut dapat melintasi lorong-lorong labirin yang kompleks dengan sendirinya.
 
Sumber :
versesofuniverse

Kamis, 24 April 2014

Tlachihualtepetl, Piramida Terbesar di Dunia yang Telah Lama Hilang

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Salah satu fitur yang paling terlihat di kota kecil San Andres Cholula, di wilayah Puebla Meksiko, adalah sebuah gereja yang dibangun di puncak bukit setinggi 180 kaki dari atas kota.

Gereja ini bernama Iglesia de Nuestra Senora de los Remedios (Church of Our Lady of Remedies), juga dikenal sebagai Santuario de la Virgen de los Remedios (Sanctuary of the Virgin of Remedies), yang dibangun pada tahun 1594 di atas sebuah candi pra-hispanik.


Gereja ini dibangun pada masa-masa Conquistadores (penaklukan spanyol di amerika latin), menjadikannya sebagai situs yang menarik. Apalagi dibingkai dengan puncak gunung berapi aktif, seperti dalam foto dibawah ini, yang merupakan salah satu foto pariwisata paling populer di Meksiko.


Oke, sekarang kita kembali pada masa-masa penaklukan Spanyol di Amerika Latin. Sebagai penakluk, mereka meruntuhkan kuil-kuil penduduk pribumi yang mereka temukan dan membangun gereja-gereja di tempat-tempat dimana kuil-kuil itu dulunya berdiri.

Itu cara orang Spanyol menegaskan dominasinya, dan juga menegaskan dominasi agama Katolik diatas agama-agama penduduk asli.

Penduduk asli Amerika telah menghabiskan ribuan tahun untuk membangun banyak candi dan kuil, jadi ada banyak gereja yang dibangun untuk menggantikan mereka.

Banyak dari candi-candi dan kuil-kuil yang dibangun penduduk asli Amerika, yang dibangun di atas piramida batu.

Nah, gereja kecil di Cholula yang sepertinya berdiri di atas bukit, ternyata berdiri di sebuah kompleks piramida yang merupakan salah satu yang terbesar di dunia.


Mungkin ini adalah keajaiban terbesar pada dunia kuno yang seakan tidak akan pernah terlihat. Kita tidak bisa melihatnya karena tertutup tanah. Ini menjelaskan mengapa konstruksi besar ini sempat tidak dikenal, karena hanya terlihat sebagai sebuah gundukan tanah yang sangat tidak fotogenik.

Nama asli dari situs ini adalah "Tlachihualtepetl" (bahasa Nahuatl, yang merupakan bahasa lokal asli Amerika dari zaman suku Aztec, yang berarti "gunung buatan"). Ya, ternyata bukit ini di dalamnya terdiri dari susunan batu yang bukan alami.


Piramida ini dibangun dalam empat tahap, diperkirakan mulai dari abad ke-3 SM hingga abad ke-9 M, dan didedikasikan untuk dewa Quetzalcoatl.

Piramida ini luas dasarnya sekitar 450 m x 450 m, dan tinggi 66 m. Menurut Guinness Book of Records, Inilah piramida terbesar serta monumen terbesar yang pernah dibangun di dunia.

Dengan total volume diperkirakan lebih dari 4,45 juta m3 batu, bahkan lebih besar dari Piramida Agung Giza di Mesir yang hanya sekitar 2,5 juta m3 batu.

Namun Piramida Agung Giza lebih tinggi, karena tingginya mencapai 138,8 m. Suku Aztec percaya bahwa Xelhua lah yang membangun Piramida Besar Cholula.











Para peneliti telah menggali kembali terowongan-terowongan yang ada di dalam bukit, lebih dari delapan kilometer. Penelitian mereka menyimpulkan bahwa gaya arsitektur batu dan artefak yang ditemukan di situs ini memiliki kemiripan dengan Teotihuacan.

Sumber :
versesofuniverse

Gua Besar Buatan yang Tersembunyi Selama 2000 Tahun di China

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Jika Anda berkunjung ke gua Longyou di China, Anda akan terkejut karena gua ini memiliki permukaan melengkung dan arsitektur yang halus. Ya, ini adalah gua buatan dan dibuat sekitar lebih dari 2000 tahun yang lalu!



Kompleks gua ini terdiri dari 24 gua (yang telah ditemukan) yang diukir lebih dari 2.000 tahun yang lalu sampai saat ini tetap tidak diketahui dibuat oleh siapa dan mengapa. Tampaknya dibuat oleh orang-orang yang memiliki akses ke alat mirip dengan alat modern saat ini dan mesin.


Sebuah perkiraan kasar dari beban kerja yang terlibat dalam membangun komplek gua ini sungguh menakjubkan. Bayangkan, luas total 4 gua yang masing-masing tingginya 30 meter adalah 1.200 meter persegi, sehingga masing-masing gua dibuat dengan menggali dan memindahkan 36.000 meter kubik batu.
Karena ada 24 gua yang telah ditemukan hingga saat ini, maka penggalian secara keseluruhan akan menjadi 900.000 meter kubik batu yang dipindahkan. Luarbiasa, bahkan untuk masa kini!


4 kolom (pilar) yang didistribusikan secara simetris di dalam salah satu gua, dan unsur-unsur yang lebih luar biasa yang membuat kita bertanya-tanya "Bagaimana mereka membuatnya?". Belum lagi tanda misterius di dinding yang memberikan kesan bahwa alat berat seperti ekskavator terlibat selama pembangunan gua.


Pada bulan Juni 1992 seorang warga bernama Wu Anai, memutuskan untuk mengambil air dari sebuah gua lokal, dan terungkaplah gua pertama dari serangkaian gua buatan di daerah tersebut. 
Setelah 17 hari memompa keluar air yang memenuhi gua, maka terlihatlah sebuah ruang gua dan beberapa bukti yang menunjukkan bahwa ia tidak terbentuk secara alami, tapi artifisial.


Ukiran di dinding dan langit-langit yang membentuk suatu pola yang rumit dan tidak mudah untuk dilihat sehingga banyak orang percaya bahwa ukiran itu mengandung simbolisme. Ukiran tersebut seperti terdapat pada beberapa keramik, yang terletak di sebuah museum di dekatnya dengan kronologi antara 500 dan 800 SM.


Seperti kebanyakan desa di Cina selatan, ada banyak kolam di desa Shiyanbei, tapi kolam-kolam yang ternyata adalah gua buatan ini sebagian besar berbentuk persegi panjang, dan sangat dalam, yang dikenal sebagai "kolam maut".

Kolam ini penuh dengan ikan-ikan, yang mudah ditangkap. Setelah gua pertama airnya dipompa keluar, tak satupun ikan atau bangkai ikan ditemukan.

Salah satu gua yang telah dibuka untuk wisatawan, terdapat pola ukiran dengan simbol mengacu pada kuda, ikan dan burung (Bumi, Air, Udara). Kepala burung ini memiliki tampilan yang mirip dengan patung yang terungkap pada situs arkeologi Hemudu.








Gua Longyou baru ditemukan di akhir abad ke-20. Setidaknya 24 gua telah ditemukan sejauh ini. Meskipun penggalian secara keseluruhan melibatkan hampir satu juta meter kubik batu, tidak ada catatan sejarah mengenai pekerjaan ini. Asal mereka masih menjadi misteri.

Saat ini tidak ada penjelasan untuk keberadaan mereka. Mereka merupakan salah satu penggalian bawah tanah terbesar dari zaman kuno. Mereka saat ini dianggap sebagai 'Keajaiban Dunia Kuno yang Kesembilan'.

Penemuan ini telah menarik perhatian banyak ahli dari China, Jepang, Polandia, Singapura dan Amerika Serikat. Salah satu pertanyaan yang paling sulit adalah bagaimana dan mengapa gua-gua ini tetap tersembunyi dan tidak diketahui hingga selama lebih dari 2.000 tahun.

Sumber :
versesofuniverse

Rabu, 23 April 2014

5 Fenomena Astronomi Menarik Tahun ini

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Selasa malam, 18 Maret 2014 jadi permulaan seminggu yang mengesankan bagi para penikmat langit. Pasalnya, banyak kejadian menarik yang akan terjadi di angkasa luar selama beberapa hari ke depan.

Seperti dilansir oleh National Geographic, setidaknya ada sekitar lima kejadian astronomi yang akan terjadi mulai dari tanggal 17 hingga 22 Maret. Semua kejadian itu bisa disaksikan hanya dengan mendongakkan kepala ke atas langit malam.

Tentu saja, diperlukan area bebas polusi cahaya dan teleskop bintang jika perlu untuk melihat berbagai fenomena itu. Apa saja?

1. Bulan bertemu Spica
Tengah malam pada 17 Maret bulan terbit di langit timur dengan dua benda langit lainnya. Dua benda ini akan memancarkan cahaya seperti bintang meskipun sebenarnya tidak juga.

Dua cahaya ini yang ada di sebelah kiri bulan merupakan Planet Mars, sementara di sebelah kanan bulan adalah bintang Spica.

Puncaknya akan terlihat pada Selasa malam di mana bulan akan muncul di bawah duo itu. Hasilnya akan tercipta konjungsi yang cukup menarik dan sayang untuk dilewatkan.

2. Gerhana asteroid


Di pagi buta pada Kamis, 20 Maret 2014, mereka yang beruntung bisa melihat sebuah garis tipis membentang di langit utara Amerika. Ini merupakan bagian dari kejadian langka di mana sebuah asteroid menghalangi cahaya dari bintang Regulus.

Kejadian ini diperkirakan akan muncul pada 2:07 pagi waktu EDT. Asteroid dengan nama 163 Erigone akan melintas tepat di depan cahaya bintang itu sehingga menciptakan efek gerhana yang tak pernah kita lihat sebelumnya.



3. Siang dan malam seimbang
Tepat pada 20 Maret 2014 pukul 4:44 Eastern Time, bumi akan kembali mengalami kejadian langka tahunannya. Pada saat itu, angin kehidupan yang dibawa musim semi akan hadir di belahan bumi utara dan musim gugur hadir di belahan bumi bagian selatan.

Hal itu juga menjadi penanda dari equinox, sebuah kejadian di mana matahari berada tepat di tengah bumi sehingga pembagian waktu siang dan malam di dua belahan dunia jadi rata. Pada saat itu, baik utara atau selatan akan tepat merasakan 12 jam cahaya matahari dan 12 jam kegelapan malam.

4. Bulan muncul bersama Saturnus
Setelah tengah malam pada Jumat 21 Maret 2014, bulan berwarna perak dan satu-satunya planet bercincin di tata surya kita, Saturnus, akan muncul bersamaan di timur. Keduanya akan terlihat sangat dekat, hanya berjarak dua derajat saja.

Tentu saja hal itu hanyalah ilusi optik saja karena jarak antara keduanya dengan bumi sangatlah jauh. Namun, hal tersebut membuatnya menarik untuk disimak.

5. Neptunus muncul
Mereka yang ada di belahan bumi bagian selatan bisa menyaksikan kehadiran Neptunus pada malam 22 Maret 2014. Saat itu, sang bola es raksasa tersebut akan muncul tepat pada saat bulan purnama sehingga keberadaannya bisa dideteksi dengan teropong.

Lokasi Neptunus akan muncul di sekitar Merkurius dengan warna pudar. Bagi yang ingin menyaksikannya bisa menggunakan teleskop dengan magnifikasi rendah.

Sumber:
merdeka.

Selasa, 22 April 2014

Ternyata Kelinci Pembunuh Nenek Moyang Kita

John Fa, peneliti dari Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust di Jersey, berdasarkan hasil penelitiannya mengklaim bahwa Neanderthals, moyang manusia, punah gara-gara kelinci. Bagaimana bisa?

Fa meneliti tulang belulang hewan yang ditemukan di tiga lokasi penggalian di Spanyol dan Perancis. Dia menemukan bahwa sekitar 30.000 tahun lalu, mamalia besar seperti rusa melimpah di gua. Namun, pada masa berikutnya, mamalia besar mulai jarang ditemui.

 
 Ilustrasi / petsugar.com
Fa berpendapat, kemampuan beradaptasi untuk berburu mamalia berukuran kecil memegang peranan penting dalam kesintasan spesies. Sementara manusia modern pintar beradaptasi, tak demikian halnya dengan Neanderthals.

"Ketergantungan yang tinggi pada perburuan dan konsumsi mamalia besar oleh kelompok kerabat manusia tertentu membatasi kesintasannya ketika mangsa pilihannya menjadi terbatas," papar Fa seperti dikutip Daily Mail.

Fa mengungkapkan, pada masa Neanderthals, jumlah kelinci melimpah. Namun, moyang manusia tersebut tidak mampu atau tidak mau memanfaatkannya. Hal tersebut berkontribusi pada punahnya Neanderthals.

"Analisis tulang yang ditemukan selama ekskavasi di Iberia menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kelinci adalah bagian diet penting dari spesies dengan anatomi manusia modern. Namun, hewan itu relatif tak digunakan selama masa Mousterian, ketika Neanderthals eksis," papar Fa.

Fa tak mengetahui dengan jelas mengapa Neanderthals tak bisa memanfaatkan kelinci. Menurut Fa, Neanderthals kurang memiliki taktik untuk menangkap hewan itu. Adapun manusia modern diduga tak memanfaatkan panah untuk berburu kelinci, tetapi menggunakan api, asap, dan anjing. 
Sumber:
kompas

Terungkapnya Misteri Ribuan Kodok yang Meledak di Hamburg

Ini adalah sebuah misteri dan fenomena yang menarik yang terjadi di tahun 2005 dan telah berhasil dipecahkan oleh para ilmuwan. Ya, pada tahun itu, di sebuah danau kecil di kota Hamburg, lebih dari seribu ekor kodok ditemukan mati meledak. Apa yang menyebabkan kodok-kodok ini mati meledak atau siapa yang membunuh mereka sekejam itu?



Pekerja lingkungan di Hamburg mengatakan peristiwa ini seperti adegan dari dari film horor atau film fiksi ilmiah, dimana kodok-kodok terus menggembungkan tubuhnya seperti balon dengan sangat besar dan berkedut selama beberapa menit, sebelum mereka tiba-tiba meledak.

"Ini mengerikan," kata ahli biologi Heidi Mayerhoefer kepada harian Hamburger Morgenpost.

"Kodok-kodok itu meledak, isi perut mereka ke luar tersebar hingga satu meter persegi. Tapi kodok-kodok itu tidak segera mati, mereka terus berjuang selama beberapa menit".

Pers segera memblow up fenomena ini, dan memberi judul besar besar seperti "Situs Pembantaian di distrik Altona Hamburg" dan "Kolam Kematian Hamburg". Pemerintah setempat langsung memperingatkan warganya agar menjauh dari danau kecil tersebut.

Sebenarnya Institute for Hygiene and the Environment Hamburg telah secara teratur men-tes kualitas air di kota itu dan tidak menemukan bukti bahwa air disana tercemar.

Orang-orang mulai berspekulasi tentang penyebab fenomena ini. Ada yang menuduh itu disebabkan oleh virus, jamur dan bahkan ada yang mengatakan bahwa kodok-kodok itu sengaja bunuh diri untuk mengontrol kelebihan populasi mereka.

Untunglah seorang ilmuwan spesialis amphibi terkenal di Jerman bernama Frank Mutschmann datang dan menyelidiki fenomena ini. Dia memeriksa kodok-kodok ini.


Dr Frank Mutschmann menemukan semua kodok memiliki sayatan melingkar yang sama di punggung mereka, cukup kecil dan diperkirakan itu adalah pekerjaan paruh burung. Lalu ia menemukan sesuatu yang aneh, hati mereka hilang!

Tidak ada bekas gigitan atau cakaran, jadi tentu kodok-kodok tersebut tidak diserang oleh rakun atau tikus, yang juga akan memakan seluruh kodok, bukan hanya hatinya

Mutschmann berkesimpulan bahwa itu jelas pekerjaan gagak, burung yang cukup pintar untuk mengetahui bahwa kulit kodok ini beracun dan juga menyadari bahwa hati adalah satu-satunya bagian yang layak dimakan.

Begitu hatinya hilang, kodok-kodok ini baru menyadari bahwa mereka telah diserang, yang menyebabkan mereka membusungkan dirinya sebagai mekanisme pertahanan alami.

Tapi karena kodok tidak memiliki diafragma atau tulang rusuk, tanpa hati, tidak ada yang menahan organ mereka lainnya. Paru-paru mereka akan terus meregang hingga di luar proporsinya dan akhirnya robek, membuat organ-organ dalam katak berhamburan keluar.


Fenomena kematian mengerikan dari kodok-kodok ini, pada kenyataannya telah terdokumentasi dengan baik sebelumnya. Pertama kali tercatat di Jerman pada tahun 1968, serta di Belgia, Denmark dan Amerika.

Kodok Hamburg mulai meledak saat musim kawin mereka yang seminggu lamanya. Dr Mutschmann percaya saat itulah gagak masuk untuk mencuri hati kodok yang terlalu sibuk menikmati tingginya gairah seksual.

Lalu apa yang harus manusia lakukan pada gagak, untuk menyelamatkan kodok? Kodok, banyak digemari di Jerman, dan adalah spesies yang dilindungi. Tapi begitu juga gagak. Dr Mutschmann menjawab: "Tidak ada yang perlu dikhawatirkan! Ini hanyalah proses alam."


Satu misteri kini telah terpecahkan, namun tetap saja menimbulkan banyak pertanyaan lainnya, seperti: Darimana gagak tahu bahwa hati kodok adalah satu-satunya organ kodok yang penuh nutrisi dan layak dia makan? Dan dari mana gagak tahu letak hati kodok secara akurat?

Memang tidak ada yang tahu, namun kita telah mengetahui bahwa gagak adalah anggota famili Corvidae yang memang dikenal paling cerdas diantara para burung lainnya dan memiliki kemampuan untuk belajar. Bahkan lewat sebuah test, gagak dinyatakan memiliki "self awareness", sesuatu yang selama ini dianggap hanya dimiliki oleh manusia.

Salah satu contoh kecerdasan gagak seperti yang diceritakan dalam video dibawah, adalah gagak yang menemukan biji walnut yang keras dan tidak dapat dia pecahkan dengan hanya menjatuhkannya saja.

Dia kemudian memanfaatkan kendaraan-kendaraan yang melintas di jalan raya untuk melindas dan memecahkan walnut tersebut. Namun tentu setelah walnut tersebut terlindas pecah, akan sulit bagi gagak untuk turun mengambilnya mengingat banyaknya kendaraan yang lalu lalang di jalan raya, bisa-bisa dia tewas tertabrak.

Nah, gagak bisa menemukan solusi dari masalah tersebut. Dia menjatuhkannya di persimpangan jalan yang terdapat Lampu lalulintas (traffic light). Setelah walnut terlindas pecah oleh kendaraan, gagak tinggal menunggu lampu merah dan saat kendaraan berhenti, maka dengan aman dia turun dan mulai menikmati walnut tersebut, cerdas bukan . . .



Sumber :
versesofuniverse

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